Encyclopedia/3. History, Societies & Civilizations/09. Modern Nations/02. Americas • Curated by Admin Timeline.sg
History of Mexico, sourced from Wikipedia's "Timeline of Mexican history".
Chronological Storyline (39 Milestones)
1 CE
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float=center|caption= Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Mexican history" (19th century):
Flag of Mexico Official version of the Flag of the United Mexican States or Mexico, adopted September 16th 1968 by Decree (Published August 17th 1968), Ratio 4:7. The previous version of the flag displayed a slightly different Coat of Arms. It was redesigned to be even more resplendent due to the upcoming Mexico City 1968 Olympic Games; According to the Wikipedia article "Flag of Mexico", the colors are Green Pantone 3425 C and Red Pantone 186 C. According to [1] or [2], that translates to RGB 206, 17, 38 for the red, and RGB 0, 104, 71 for the green. By Alex Covarrubias, 9 April 2006. Based on the arms by Juan Manuel Gabino Villascán. - Mexican Government, Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=374591
6 CE
Battle of the Alamo
Battle of the Alamo]] Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Mexican history" (19th century):
This is a drawing of the Alamo Mission in San Antonio. It was first printed in 1854 in Gleason's Pictorial Drawing Room Companion and was reprinted in Frank Thompson's 2005 "The Alamo", p 106. By Unknown author - Frank Thompson, The Alamo (2005), p. 106, Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=4934888
7 CE
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10 CE
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11 CE
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13 CE
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21 CE
Battle of San Jacinto
Battle of San Jacinto]] Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Mexican history" (19th century):
Battle of San Jacinto By Henry Arthur McArdle - http://www.tsl.state.tx.us/mcardle/paintings/sanjac-big.html, Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=3431479
22 CE
Execution of Morelos]]
Execution of Morelos]] Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Mexican history" (19th century):
23 CE
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26 CE
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27 CE
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28 CE
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30 CE
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May 20, 1520 CE
Massacre in the Great Temple
Massacre in the Great Temple: Spanish soldiers killed a group of Aztec nobles in the Templo Mayor in Tenochtitlan during the celebration of Toxcatl. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Mexican history" (16th century):
Imagen del códice durán donde se logra ver la masacre del templo Mayor By Autor desconocido - Códice Durán, Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=6752324
Aug 13, 1521 CE
Fall of Tenochtitlan
Fall of Tenochtitlan: Tenochtitlan was taken by Spanish forces. The tlatoani Cuauhtémoc was taken prisoner. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Mexican history" (16th century):
From the Conquest of México series. Depicts the 1521 Fall of Tenochtitlan by Spanish Conquistador Hernán Cortés, in the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire. By Unknown author - https://s.libertaddigital.com/2021/08/09/conquista-de-mexico.jpg, Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=110660051
Apr 11, 1713 CE
War of the Spanish Succession
War of the Spanish Succession: The Treaty of Utrecht was signed, under which Great Britain, Savoy, Portugal, and the United Provinces recognized Philip V of Spain of the House of Bourbon as king of Spain, ending the war. In exchange, Philip renounced the right to pass the throne to his heirs. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Mexican history" (18th century):
Final War of the Spanish Succession Collage By DavidDijkgraaf - Own work, CC0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=123648712
Jan 15, 1724 CE
Philip V of Spain
Philip abdicated in favor of his son Louis I of Spain. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Mexican history" (18th century):
This is an official portrait of Felipe V (1683-1746), the first Bourbon king of Spain. The grandson of Louis XIV (1638-1715) of France, he was born in Versailles and was proclaimed King of Spain in 1700. Married two times, he had numerous children and died in Madrid in 1746. The king wears armor and carries a ruler's staff. A warrior's helmet rests on a stone in front of him. Along with the sumptuous embroidered frock coat and red girdle at his waist, which indicate his regal condition, he wears the insignia of the Golden Fleece and the sash of the Saint Esprit, symbols of his Spanish dominion as heir to the House of Burgundy, and of his French origins. This composition became the model for official portraits of the King and was repeated on innumerable occasions by various artists with scant variations. It stands out for its elegance, refinement and distinction, characteristics directly connected to French painting of that moment, especially the production of Hyacinthe Rigaud (1659-1743), who was Ranc's teacher and the chamber painter to Louis XIV and Louis XV of France. This painting is the companion to the portrait of the King's wife, Isabel de Farnesio (P2330), which is also in the Prado Museum collection. Both works were saved from the 1734 fire at Madrid's Alcázar Palace and moved to the Buen Retiro Palace. By Jean Ranc - [2], Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=30913618
Jun 1, 1767 CE
Society of Jesus
The Society of Jesus was expelled from New Spain. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Mexican history" (18th century):
Monochrome version of the IHS emblem of the Jesuits. The design of the emblem is attributed to Ignatius of Loyola (1541). the cross is here drawn as formy fitchy; this is not necessarily part of the design, early modern depictions sometimes show a plain cross, or various baroque ornamentations the three nails are sometimes shown as piercing a heart the alternating straight and wavy rays are found in historical specimens, but not necessarily, and sometimes with two or three straight rays separating wavy rays. the number of rays is often 32 as here, but sometimes also 12, 16 or 24. the emblem is sometimes surrounded by the inscription et vocatum est nomen eius Iesus (Luke 2:21) By Moranski - Own work, Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=5596804
1776 CE
Provincias Internas
The autonomous Commandancy General of the Provincias Internas was established under Teodoro de Croix in the northern provinces of New Spain. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Mexican history" (18th century):
Flag with the cross of Burgundy (saltire). Also named Cross of Burgundy flag. It was used in the Catholic Monarchy and in its viceroyalties such as New Spain and Peru. It was also used by Spain as a military or king's personal flag. Used by the Carlist movement. By Ningyou. - Own work, Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=617329
Sep 16, 1810 CE
Grito de Dolores
Grito de Dolores: The Catholic priest Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla encouraged his congregation to revolt against the Spanish crown in a speech made at Dolores. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Mexican history" (19th century):
Photo taken March 2004 by Paige Morrison. (That's me.) By Paigemorrison at English Wikipedia - Transferred from en.wikipedia to Commons by nopira., CC BY-SA 2.5, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=3900158
Feb 21, 1821 CE
Mexican War of Independence
Mexican War of Independence: The Spanish colonel Agustín de Iturbide and the insurgent leader Vicente Guerrero together issued the Plan of Iguala at a meeting in Iguala, under which Mexico was to become an independent, Catholic constitutional monarchy. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Mexican history" (19th century):
A collage of the different stages in the Mexican War of Independence. Clockwise from top left: Miguel Hidalgo, José María Morelos, Trigarante Army in Mexico City, Mural of independence by O'Gorman, Embrace of Acatempan between Iturbide and Guerrero By Hpav7 - Own work, Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=31418908
Nov 20, 1910 CE
Mexican Revolution
Mexican Revolution: Francisco I. Madero calls for armed rebellion against the government of President Porfirio Díaz. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Mexican history" (20th century):
Decena trágica. Soldados sublevados en acción. 1913. Fotografia: Osuna. By Osuna - Historia Sexto grado, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=4272089
Feb 5, 1917 CE
constitution of Mexico
Mexican Revolution: The current constitution of Mexico was approved by a constituent assembly in Querétaro. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Mexican history" (20th century):
Original Cover of the Political Constitution of the United Mexican States By Hpav7 - Own work (Fotografia tomada en el Archivo General de la Nación), Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=16352837
Jan 3, 1920 CE
An earthquake of magnitude 7.8 hits
An earthquake of magnitude 7.8 hits Puebla and Veracruz, leaving 648–4,000 dead. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Mexican history" (20th century):
Mar 18, 1938 CE
Mexican oil expropriation
Mexican oil expropriation: President Lázaro Cárdenas expropriates the oil industry. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Mexican history" (20th century):
Fuente de Petróleos, CDMX, México. Obra del arquitecto Vicente Mendiola Quezada y del escultor Juan Fernando Olaguíbel Rosenzweig. By Juan Carlos Fonseca Mata - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=84580608
Sep 21, 1960 CE
Adolfo López Mateos
President Adolfo López Mateos nationalized the electrical system. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Mexican history" (20th century):
Bezoek President van Mexico President Lopez en Prins Bernhard in de Frans Halszaal 3 april 1963 By Harry Pot for Anefo ]] - Nationaal Archief, CC BY-SA 3.0 nl, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=149577620
Oct 2, 1968 CE
Tlatelolco massacre
Tlatelolco massacre: The government fired on a crowd of student protesters in the Plaza de las Tres Culturas in Mexico City, killing between thirty and three hundred. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Mexican history" (20th century):
Massacre of Tlatelolco in Plaza de las Tres Culturas on October 2, 1968. By Andrés Barrios - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=117923748
Aug 28, 1973 CE
An earthquake of magnitude 7.5 hits
An earthquake of magnitude 7.5 hits Puebla and Veracruz, leaving 539–1,000 dead. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Mexican history" (20th century):
Sep 1, 1982 CE
José López Portillo
President José López Portillo nationalizes the banking industry. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Mexican history" (20th century):
Nieuwe Mexicaanse president Jose Lopez Portillo kop By Dutch National Archives, CC BY-SA 3.0 nl, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=63488956
Sep 19, 1985 CE
1985 Mexico City earthquake
1985 Mexico City earthquake: An earthquake centered off the Pacific coast of Michoacán caused ten thousand deaths and between three and four billion US$ in damage in Mexico City. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Mexican history" (20th century):
Mexico city - Collapsed General Hospital By United States Geological Survey - http://libraryphoto.cr.usgs.gov/cgi-bin/show_picture.cgi?ID=ID.%20Celebi,%20M.%20%203ct&SIZE=large, Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=6573465
Jul 6, 1988 CE
1988 Mexican general election
1988 Mexican general election: Carlos Salinas de Gortari of the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) was elected president in a rigged election, with an official 51% of the vote. The PRI maintained its majority in the Chamber of Deputies. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Mexican history" (20th century):
Resultados electorales de la elección presidencial de México de 1988 por entidad federativa. By Alberto0617 - Own work, CC0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=135973134
May 5, 1989 CE
National Democratic Front
Constituent parties of the National Democratic Front (FDN) established the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD) under the leadership of Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Mexican history" (20th century):
National Democratic Front By Unknown author - http://www.prd.org.mx/portal/, Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=15792264
Mar 23, 1994 CE
Luis Donaldo Colosio
Luis Donaldo Colosio is assassinated during his campaign to become the Mexican president in a rally in Tijuana. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Mexican history" (20th century):
The Tijuana Temple of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. By Isai Armenta - propio, CC BY 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=117136720
Jul 6, 2003 CE
2003 Mexican legislative election
2003 Mexican legislative election: The PRI won a plurality of seats in the Chamber of Deputies. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Mexican history" (21st century):
Coat of arms of Mexico. By Alex Covarrubias based on the arms by Juan Manuel Gabino Villascán. [1] - Own work based on: Mexico coat of arms.png, Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=2638888
Jul 2, 2006 CE
2006 Mexican general election
2006 Mexican general election: Felipe Calderón of the National Action Party (PAN) won the presidency with 36% of the vote. The PAN won a plurality of seats in the Chamber of Deputies. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Mexican history" (21st century):
Electoral results of the 2006 Mexican presidential election by federal entity By Alberto0617 - Own work, CC0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=135845262
Jul 5, 2009 CE
2009 Mexican legislative election
2009 Mexican legislative election: The PRI won a plurality of seats in the Chamber of Deputies. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Mexican history" (21st century):
Resultados de las elecciones federales de México de 2009 por cada uno de los 300 distritos electorales, incluyendo la distribución por circunscripción plurinominal. By Alberto0617 - Own work, CC0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=98928629
Jul 1, 2012 CE
2012 Mexican general election
2012 Mexican general election: Enrique Pena Nieto of the PRI won the presidency with 39% of the vote. The PRI won a plurality of seats in the Chamber of Deputies. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Mexican history" (21st century):
Resultados electorales de la elección presidencial de México de 2012 por entidad federativa. By Alberto0617 - Own work, CC0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=135842802
Sep 19, 2017 CE
2017 Puebla earthquake
2017 Puebla earthquake: struck at 13:14 CDT on 19 September 2017 with a magnitude of Mw 7.1 and strong shaking for about 20 seconds. Its epicenter was about 55 km (34 mi) south of the city of Puebla. The earthquake caused damage in the Mexican states of Puebla and Morelos and in the Greater Mexico City area. 370 people were killed by the earthquake and related building collapses, including 228 in Mexico City, and more than 6,000 were injured. Twelve days earlier, the even larger 2017 Chiapas earthquake struck 650 km (400 mi) away, off the coast of the state of Chiapas. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Mexican history" (21st century):
Montage of several images from the 2017 Puebla earthquake By Montage created by me, JoleBruh - File:Ciudad de México - Terremoto Puebla 2017 3.jpg - AntoFran (CC-BY-SA 4.0) File:Recorrido por zona afectada de Jojutla - 36956142590.jpg - presidenciamx (CC BY 2.0) File:Terremoto de Puebla de 2017 - Ciudad de México - 15.jpg - ProtoplasmaKid (CC-BY-SA 4.0) File:Grand Park Fountain in Mexican flag.jpg - Hilda Solis (Public Domain), CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=115395007
Jul 1, 2018 CE
Andrés Manuel López Obrador
Andrés Manuel López Obrador of Together we will make history (a coalition of MORENA and the Labor Party) is elected 58th president with 53% of the vote. Together we will make history also won majorities in both the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies and 5 governorships. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Mexican history" (21st century):
Mexican President Andrés Manuel López Obrador during his morning press conference on June 3, 2024, following the election day. By EneasMx - Own work, CC BY 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=149112565
![Flag of Mexico Official version of the Flag of the United Mexican States or Mexico, adopted September 16th 1968 by Decree (Published August 17th 1968), Ratio 4:7. The previous version of the flag displayed a slightly different Coat of Arms. It was redesigned to be even more resplendent due to the upcoming Mexico City 1968 Olympic Games; According to the Wikipedia article "Flag of Mexico", the colors are Green Pantone 3425 C and Red Pantone 186 C. According to [1] or [2], that translates to RGB 206, 17, 38 for the red, and RGB 0, 104, 71 for the green.](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/500px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png)
