Encyclopedia/3. History, Societies & Civilizations/09. Modern Nations/10. Middle East & North Africa • Curated by Admin Timeline.sg
History of Israel, sourced from Wikipedia's "Timeline of Israeli history".
Chronological Storyline (73 Milestones)
Mar 13, 1881 CE
Alexander II of Russia
Tsar Alexander II of Russia is assassinated, triggering multiple waves of Jewish pogroms after some blamed "agents of foreign influence", a term often directed at Jewish communities. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1800-1900):
Portrait of Czar Alexander II, National Archives of Canada, No. C-010136 (cropped version) By Attributed to W. & D. Downey - Library and Archives Canada does not allow free use of its copyrighted works. See Category:Images from Library and Archives Canada., Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=125973392
1881 CE
First Aliyah
The First Aliyah describes the initial major wave of Jewish immigration to Palestine motivated by persecution and economic hardship. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1800-1900):
Historical boundaries of Roman / Byzantine / Rashidun Palestine Boundaries of the Roman province Syria Palaestina, where dashed green line shows the boundary between Byzantine Palaestina Prima (later Jund Filastin) and Palaestina Secunda (later Jund al-Urdunn), as well as Palaestina Salutaris (later Jebel et-Tih and the Jifar) Borders of Mandatory Palestine By Oncenawhile - Own work This file was derived from: Is-map.PNG Palestine frontier 1922.png Ancient borders sourced from Byzantium and the Arabs in the Sixth Century by Irfan Shahîd (p683), Islam in History: Ideas, People, and Events in the Middle East by Bernard Lewis (p155)., CC0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=21274514
May 15, 1882 CE
Russian Empire
The Russian emperor Alexander III issued the May Laws, severely restricting the rights of Jews in the Pale of Settlement, and intensifying Jewish emmigration. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1800-1900):
Flag of Russia By Peter the Great - Государственный флаг Российской Федерации. Цвета флага: (Blue - Pantone 286 C, Red - Pantone 485 C) взяты из [1][2][3][4], Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=9450374
Dec 1, 1894 CE
Dreyfus affair
The Dreyfus Affair was a political scandal in France that involved the wrongful conviction of Jewish army officer, Alfred Dreyfus. It is one of the most notable examples of antisemitism and miscarriage of justice. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1800-1900):
Alfred Dreyfus (1859-1935). By Aron Gerschel - http://media.web.britannica.com/eb-media/45/8245-050-75EEC0A6.jpg, Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=44716738
Feb 1, 1896 CE
Theodor Herzl
Theodor Herzl published Der Judenstaat, arguing for the establishment of an independent Jewish state. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1800-1900):
Theodor Herzl (1860-1904) By Carl Pietzner - Image, Date., Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=188864529
Aug 29, 1897 CE
First Zionist Congress
The First Zionist Congress constituted 218 delegates of Zionist organizations, most from Eastern Europe, convened in Basel. It was instrumental in the formation of the Zionist platform, founding of the World Zionist Organization, and helped unify the Zionist movement. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1800-1900):
THEODOR HERZL AT THE FIRST ZIONIST CONGRESS IN BASEL ON 25.8.1897. תאודור הרצל בקונגרס הציוני הראשון - 1897.8.25 By לשכת העיתונות הממשלתית - This is available from National Photo Collection of Israel, Photography dept. Government Press Office (link), under the digital ID D131-027.This tag does not indicate the copyright status of the attached work. A normal copyright tag is still required. See Commons:Licensing for more information., Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=139691326
1901 CE
Jewish National Fund
The Jewish National Fund is established to buy land and encourage Jewish settlement in Palestine. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
Flag of Jewish National Fund By Meronim - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=15891175
1915 CE
Hussein, King of Hejaz
British diplomats and the Sharif of Mecca exchange the McMahon-Hussein Correspondence, in which Britain promises an independent Arab state, which would include Palestine, in exchange for supporting the British against the Ottoman Empire in the First World War. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
Sharif Husayn, the Prince of Mecca, who declared a military uprising against the Ottoman Empire from the Arabian Desert on June 10, 1916. By Unknown author - http://www.arabianheritagesource.com/altehomepage/page150.html, Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=3608956
Jan 3, 1916 CE
Sykes–Picot Agreement
Britain, France, Russia, and Italy sign the secret Sykes-Picot Agreement which would partition the Ottoman Empire in the event of an Allied victory. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
Map showing Eastern Turkey in Asia, Syria and Western Persia, and areas of control and influence agreed upon between the British and the French. Royal Geographical Society, 1910-15. Signed by Mark Sykes and François Georges-Picot, 8 May 1916. By Royal Geographical Society (Map), Mark Sykes & François Georges-Picot (Annotations) - This file is from the collections of The National Archives (United Kingdom), catalogued under document record MPK1/426. For high quality reproductions of any item from The National Archives collection please contact the image library., Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=16960916
Nov 2, 1917 CE
Balfour Declaration
The Balfour Declaration issued by the British Government called for a national home for the Jewish People in Palestine, which was seen as a contradiction by some. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
Balfour declaration By United Kingdom Government signed by Arthur Balfour - British Library. Originally published 9 November 1917, Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=3940876
Nov 23, 1917 CE
Bolsheviks
The Bolsheviks make the terms of the Sykes-Picot Agreement public, exposing contradicting promises made in the McMahon-Hussein Correspondence and the Balfour Declaration. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
The presidium of the 9th Congress of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks). 1920. Sitting (from left): Abel Yenukidze, Mikhail Kalinin, Nikolai Bukharin, Mikhail Tomsky, Mikhail Lashevich, Lev Kamenev, Evgeny Preobrazhensky, Leonid Serebryakov, Vladimir Lenin and Alexei Rykov. Standing: Nikolay Krestinsky, Vladimir Milyutin, Ivar Smilga By Unknown author - 9th Congress of Russian Communist Party Photo #850828, Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=1549066
Jan 3, 1919 CE
Chaim Weizmann
Chaim Weizmann and Emir Faisal, son of the Sharif of Mecca, sign the Faisal-Weizmann agreement, promising Jewish support and development in Palestine. Faisal's approval was contingent on the fulfillment of British promises to him. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
President Chaim Weizmann, who was a science professor before becoming Israel's first president. By Hugo Mendelson - This is available from National Photo Collection of Israel, Photography dept. Government Press Office (link), under the digital ID D670-029.This tag does not indicate the copyright status of the attached work. A normal copyright tag is still required. See Commons:Licensing for more information., CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=173198050
Apr 4, 1920 CE
1920 Nebi Musa riots
1920 Jerusalem riots were attacks on Jewish lives and property by Arabs, leaving 216 Jewish casualties and 25 Arab casualties. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
موسم النبي موسى في القدس في نيسان (أبريل) 1920، في هذه المناسبة بدأت انتفاضية وطنية عربية امتدت بين 4-7 نيسان (أبريل) 1920، ضد اليهود في القدس. By Unknown - not relevant for the licence - http://bp1.blogger.com/_FqFDV-L66EI/RprTZNldEUI/AAAAAAAADLI/3DwjAWe4pq0/s1600-h/Jerusalem-Riot.jpg, Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=3294385
Apr 25, 1920 CE
League of Nations
The League of Nations assigns Britain the creation of Mandatory Palestine. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
Emblem of the League of Nations in 1939. Note that the League of Nations (LoN) never had any official flag, logo or emblem. This flag was used at the 1939 New York World's Fair. So, this is a flag of the LoN (to make it recognisable in this big event) and not the flag of the LoN. In addition, the League ceased its effective activities a few months after the beginning of the Fair because of the World War, the decision to create this flag is therefore not the product of a consultation between States but a simple illustration for communication purposes. By Martin Grandjean This W3C-unspecified vector image was created with Inkscape . - Strictly based on a flag kept by the League of Nations Archives (United Nations Geneva)., CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=71926201
Jun 1, 1920 CE
Haganah
Jewish paramilitary organization Haganah is formed with the purpose of defending Jewish settlements against Arab attacks. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
Jul 1, 1920 CE
Palin Commission
The Palin Commission is created to investigate the 1920 Jerusalem riots. They report that Arab rioters attacked Jewish lives and property, and that the cause was attributed to the disappointment that stemmed from unfulfilled promises to them by the British. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
موسم النبي موسى في القدس في نيسان (أبريل) 1920، في هذه المناسبة بدأت انتفاضية وطنية عربية امتدت بين 4-7 نيسان (أبريل) 1920، ضد اليهود في القدس. By Unknown - not relevant for the licence - http://bp1.blogger.com/_FqFDV-L66EI/RprTZNldEUI/AAAAAAAADLI/3DwjAWe4pq0/s1600-h/Jerusalem-Riot.jpg, Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=3294385
Mar 12, 1921 CE
Cairo Conference
The 1921 Cairo Conference convened by Britain aimed to organize the Middle East boundaries and develop a policy of governance. Arab and Jewish delegations were invited to advise or provide input. The conference established the division of Mandatory Palestine into Transjordan, and Palestine with Emir Abdullah ruling semi-autonomously in the former. His brother, Emir Faisal would be crowned King of Iraq. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
Report on the Cairo Conference, March 1921 By UK Govt, Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=69907486
Oct 1, 1921 CE
Haycraft Commission
The Haycraft Commission is created to investigate the 1921 Jaffa riots. The report blamed Arabs for the violence but notes growing Arab resentment of British policy, seemingly favoring Jewish communities and ambitions at the expense of the Arab population. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
Haycraft Commission of Inquiry in Palestine Cmd 1540 Cover By UK Government - Haycraft Commission, Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=48639465
Jun 3, 1922 CE
Winston Churchill
Winston Churchill drafts the Churchill White Paper. In it contains Britain's will to maintain their commitment to the Balfour Declaration, calls for restrictions on Jewish immigration, clarification that Palestine would not become a Jewish State. This would be the governoring policy in the region until 1939. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
Karsh called this picture "The Roaring Lion" at the Wayback Machine By Yousuf Karsh - Flickr: Sir Winston Churchill, Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=181137175
Sep 29, 1923 CE
Mandate for Palestine
British Mandate for Palestine comes into effect. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
The front page of the Mandate for Palestine and Transjordan memorandum, presented to UK Parliament in December 1922, prior to it coming into force in 1923. By British government - Archive.org, Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=44763277
Aug 23, 1929 CE
1929 Palestine riots
1929 Palestine riots were a series of violent demonstrations and riots involving access over the Western Wall in Jerusalem. The riots lead to 472 Jewish casualties and 348 Arab casualties. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
Jews flee the Old City of Jerusalem, August 1929. By American Colony (Jerusalem), Photo Dept., photographer - This image is available from the United States Library of Congress's Prints and Photographs division under the digital ID matpc.15716.This tag does not indicate the copyright status of the attached work. A normal copyright tag is still required. See Commons:Licensing., Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=17304581
Mar 1, 1930 CE
Shaw Commission
The Shaw Commission is created to investigate the 1929 Palestine riots. The report concludes that riots were caused by Arab fears over Jewish immigration and land acquisition. It recommends restrictions on Jewish land purchases and immigration, an inquiry to support the rapidly growing rural Palestinian population, and clairty regarding British policy. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
Report of the Commission on the Palestine Disturbances of August 1929 By Shaw report, OGL v1.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=47259906
Oct 1, 1930 CE
Passfield White Paper
The Passfield White Paper is drafted to implement recommendations made by the Shaw Commission and Hope Simpson Enquiry. The tone of the paper was considered anti-zionist by many. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
Report of the Commission on the Palestine Disturbances of August 1929 By Shaw report, OGL v1.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=47259906
Feb 13, 1931 CE
MacDonald letter
The MacDonald letter wrtten by British Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald to Chaim Weizmann to clarify the new Passfield White Paper. It is considered to be an informal withdrawal of the Passfield White Paper. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
J. Ramsay MacDonaldtitle QS:P1476,en:"J. Ramsay MacDonald"label QS:Len,"J. Ramsay MacDonald" By Walter Stoneman - This image is available from the United States Library of Congress's Prints and Photographs division under the digital ID ggbain.35734.This tag does not indicate the copyright status of the attached work. A normal copyright tag is still required. See Commons:Licensing., Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=81594737
Apr 10, 1931 CE
Irgun
Jewish paramilitary organization Irgun is founded. Irgun policy was based on Revisionist Zionism Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
Irgun logo By Unknown author - Etzel website - http://www.etzel.org.il/tmunot/semel.htm, Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=88531739
1936 CE
1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine
The 1936-1939 Palestinian Revolt was a movement calling for independence from British colonial rule and the end to British support for Zionism. 5000+ Arabs, 300+ Jews, and 262 Britons were killed, with at least 15,000 Arabs wounded. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
Title: Palestine disturbances 1936. British troops parading Jerusalem street, taken inside Jaffa Gate Abstract/medium: G. Eric and Edith Matson Photograph Collection Physical description: 1 negative : By Matson Collection - Library of Congress Catalog: https://www.loc.gov/pictures/collection/matpc/item/mpc2010003656/PP Original url: https://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/matpc.18167, Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=128006232
1939 CE
World War II
World War II: Germany invades Poland and The Holocaust occurred in German-occupied Europe killing 6 million Jews. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
For documentary purposes the German Federal Archive often retained the original image captions, which may be erroneous, biased, obsolete or politically extreme. German Stuka dive bombers over the Eastern Front, World War II. A destroyed city is seen in the foreground (below the Junkers Ju 87s) By Richard Opitz - This image was provided to Wikimedia Commons by the German Federal Archive (Deutsches Bundesarchiv) as part of a cooperation project. The German Federal Archive guarantees an authentic representation only using the originals (negative and/or positive), resp. the digitalization of the originals as provided by the Digital Image Archive., CC BY-SA 3.0 de, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=5477308
Jul 22, 1946 CE
King David Hotel Bombing
Jewish terrorists bombed the King David Hotel. The terrorist attack was carried out by the Zionist paramilitary group Irgun. 91 people of various nationalities, including Britons, Arabs and Jews, were killed and 45 people were injured by the militant right-wing group. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
The photograph was published in the Jerusalen Post after the destruction of Hotel King David by Irgoun - 1946. By Unknown author - Own work, Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=1606214
Nov 25, 1947 CE
United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine
United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine that proposed a creation of one Arab state and one Jewish state passes with the Jewish leaders accepted and Arab states rejected the move. A major civil war between the Arab populations and Jewish populations began shortly after. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
February 1956 Map of UN Partition Plan for Palestine, adopted 29 Nov 1947, with boundary of previous UNSCOP partition plan added in green. By Zero0000A/RES/181(II) - m0103_1b.gif on PLAN OF PARTITION is from UNGA Resolution 181 (27 Nov 1947). Overdrawn UNSCOP boundary is from United Nations Special Committee on Palestine, Report to the General Assembly, 3 Sep 1947, Volume II, A/364, Add. 1., Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=27649381
May 14, 1948 CE
David Ben-Gurion
On the last day of the British Mandate, David Ben-Gurion, executive head of the Zionist Organization and chairman of the Jewish Agency for Palestine, issued the Israeli Declaration of Independence which declared the establishment of a Jewish state in the Land of Israel to be known as the State of Israel, which covered part of the territory of what had been Mandatory Palestine. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
Prime minister David Ben Gurion. By Fritz Cohen - This is available from National Photo Collection of Israel, Photography dept. Government Press Office (link), under the digital ID D597-087.This tag does not indicate the copyright status of the attached work. A normal copyright tag is still required. See Commons:Licensing for more information., Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=79594517
Jan 25, 1949 CE
1949 Israeli legislative election
1949 Israeli legislative election: Elections were held to a constituent assembly. Ben-Gurion's center-left Mapai won a plurality of seats. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
David Ben-Gurion campaigning for Mapai before election, 1949 By Hugo Mendelson - This is available from National Photo Collection of Israel, Photography dept. Government Press Office (link), under the digital ID D715-035.This tag does not indicate the copyright status of the attached work. A normal copyright tag is still required. See Commons:Licensing for more information., Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=3408671
Jul 5, 1950 CE
Knesset
The Israeli legislature the Knesset passed the Law of Return, which granted all Jews the right to migrate to and settle in Israel and obtain citizenship. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
Hadash-Ta'al: 5 seats United Arab List: 5 seats Israeli Labor Party: 4 seats Yesh Atid: 24 seats Blue and White: 8 seats Yisrael Beiteinu: 6 seats New Hope: 4 seats Likud: 32 seats Religious Zionist Party: 7 seats Otzma Yehudit: 6 seats Noam: 1 seat Shas: 11 seats United Torah Judaism: 7 seats By User:אורי פרקש - Parliament diagram tool, Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=112297778
Jul 26, 1956 CE
Suez Crisis
Suez Crisis: In a broadcast speech, Egyptian president Gamal Abdel Nasser gave a codeword order for the occupation and nationalization of the Suez Canal and the closure of the Straits of Tiran to Israeli shipping. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
Smoke rises from oil tanks beside the Suez Canal hit during the initial Anglo-French assault on Port Said, 5 November 1956. By Fleet Air Arm official photographer - This photograph MH 23509 comes from the collections of the Imperial War Museums., Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=14863796
May 11, 1960 CE
Shin Bet
Eight agents of the Israeli internal security service Shin Bet and its foreign intelligence service Mossad abducted Adolf Eichmann, the Nazi officer primarily responsible for the actual implementation of the Holocaust, near his home in San Fernando, Buenos Aires. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
The scripture in the seal is: "באין תחבולות יפול עם ותשועה ברוב יועץ" The Hebrew scripture is from the Bible, Proverbs (MiShLe) chapter 11 verse 14:[1] in niqqud "בְּאֵין תַּחְבֻּלוֹת, יִפָּל-עָם; וּתְשׁוּעָה, בְּרֹב יוֹעֵץ" or in unpointed Hebrew "באין תחבלות, יפל-עם; ותשועה, ברב יועץ" English translation "Where no counsel is, the people fall, but in the multitude of counselors there is safety." By Mossad, Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=19060418
1966 CE
martial law
The martial law imposed on Israeli Arabs from the founding of the State of Israel was lifted completely. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
T-55A on the streets of Zbąszyń during Martial law in Poland. By Jacek Żołnierkiewicz - http://www.solidarnosc.gov.pl/index.php?document=48, Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=3071254
Jun 5, 1967 CE
Six-Day War
Six-Day War: The Israeli air force destroyed the Egyptian air force on the ground over a period of three hours. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
Arab territories gained by Israel in the aftermath of the Six-Day War. By Zvikorn - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=85363862
Feb 21, 1973 CE
Tripoli, Libya
A Boeing 727-200 serving as Libyan Arab Airlines Flight 114 from Tripoli to Cairo was shot down over the Sinai Peninsula by Israeli fighter aircraft, killing over one hundred passengers and crew. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
Tripoli at night By Sanadalahlafi - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=58477111
Jul 4, 1976 CE
Operation Entebbe
Operation Entebbe: Sayeret Matkal freed some hundred hostages held at Entebbe International Airport by hijackers belonging to the Palestinian nationalist Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine – External Operations and the far-left Revolutionary Cells. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
Commandos from Sayeret Matkal with the Mercedes they used to deceive the Ugandans (Photo IDF Spokesman). By IDF Spokesperson's Unit photographer - This file contains IDF content and released by the Israeli Defence Forces Spokesperson's Unit.To view all images uploaded courtesy of IDF Spokesperson's Unit This tag does not indicate the copyright status of the attached work. A normal copyright tag is still required. See Commons:Licensing., CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=85773091
May 10, 1977 CE
1977 Israeli Air Force Sikorsky CH-53 Sea Stallion
1977 Israeli Air Force Sikorsky CH-53 Sea Stallion crash: An Israeli Air Force Sikorsky CH-53 Sea Stallion crashed in the Jordan Valley, killing fifty-four soldiers. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
IAF CH-53 Sea Stallion By user:Nehemia G - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=2150275
Sep 17, 1978 CE
Egypt
Israel and Egypt signed the Camp David Accords at the White House. The framework agreement provided for the establishment of an autonomous authority in the West Bank and Gaza Strip and for withdrawal of Israeli forces from the Sinai Peninsula in exchange for the establishment of full diplomatic relations with Egypt. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
Egypt By Unknown authorUnknown author or not provided - U.S. National Archives and Records Administration, Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=15856363
Mar 26, 1979 CE
Egypt
Egypt and Israel signed the Egypt–Israel peace treaty under the framework of the Camp David Accords at the White House. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
THE TRIPLE HANDSHAKE IN THE PEACE TREATY SIGNING BETWEEN ISRAEL AND EGYPT ON THE WHITE HOUSE LAWN. R. TO L: P.M. MENAHEM BEGIN, PRES. JIMMY CARTER AND A. SADAT. . לחיצת יד משולשת בבית הלבן, בטקס חתימת חוזה השלום בון ישראל למצרים בוושינגטון. בצילום מימין לשמאל - ראש הממשלה מנחם בגין, נשיא ארהב ג'ימי קארטר ונשיא מצרים אנואר סאדת. By Yaakov Saar - This is available from National Photo Collection of Israel, Photography dept. Government Press Office (link), under the digital ID D173-109.This tag does not indicate the copyright status of the attached work. A normal copyright tag is still required. See Commons:Licensing for more information., CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=22808151
Feb 24, 1980 CE
old Israeli shekel
The old Israeli shekel replaced the Israeli pound as the currency of Israel. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
Obverse & Reverse side of a 1000 sheqalim bill, paper. By Bank of Israel, designed by Zvi Narkis - Self-scanned, Use permitted by the BOI, Currency Department, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=14978177
Jun 7, 1981 CE
Operation Opera
Operation Opera: Israel carried out a surprise air strike on an Iraqi nuclear reactor eleven miles southeast of Baghdad. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
Flag of the Iraqi Republic, used officially in different forms from 1963 until 2008. By See File history below for details. - Based on image: and https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/flags/iz-flag.html, Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=552736
Apr 23, 1982 CE
Israel Defense Forces
The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) forcibly evacuated Yamit per the terms of the Egypt–Israel peace treaty. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
Israel Defense Forces Emblem, updated in 2022 By User:Matan2001 - This file contains IDF content and released by the Israeli Defence Forces Spokesperson's Unit.To view all images uploaded courtesy of IDF Spokesperson's Unit This tag does not indicate the copyright status of the attached work. A normal copyright tag is still required. See Commons:Licensing., CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=114129501
Apr 12, 1984 CE
Bus 300 affair
Bus 300 affair: Four Palestinian nationalists hijacked a bus from Tel Aviv to Ashkelon and took its forty passengers hostage. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
The flag of State of Palestine By Orionist, previous versions by Makaristos, Mysid, etc. - Own work using: Law No. 5 for the year 2006 amending some provisions of Law No. 22 for the year 2005 on the Sanctity of the Palestinian Flag, Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=433206
Jan 5, 1985 CE
Shimon Peres
Operation Moses: Prime minister Shimon Peres confirmed the existence of the airlift. Sudan immediately halted flights. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
Peres' presidential portrait, in 2010. By Avi Ohayon - https://embassies.gov.il/new-york/General/shimon-peres.jpg, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=148577897
Aug 30, 1987 CE
Cabinet of Israel
The Cabinet voted to cancel development of the IAI Lavi. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
נשיא המדינה יצחק הרצוג, וראש הממשלה בנימין נתניהו, במרכז התמונה המסורתית במשכן הנשיא בירושלים לרגל השבעת ממשלת ישראל ה-37. יום חמישי, ה' טבת תשפ"ג, 29 בדצמבר 2022. קרדיט צילום: אבי אוחיון. By Avi Ohayon - Image courtesy of the Spokesperson unit of the President of Israel To view all images uploaded courtesy of the Israeli President's Spokesperson Unit, see Category:Pictures provided by the Spokesperson Unit of the President of Israel Contact person: Hana Yariv, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=128026411
Sep 19, 1989 CE
Mount Carmel Forest Fire
Mount Carmel Forest Fire: A forest fire began on Mount Carmel which would burn over two square miles over the next three days. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
A beautiful picture of the southwest face of mount Carmel during the sunset. This picture was taken from the entrance of Kibbutz Ma'agan Michael. By Chadner - Own work, Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=4659486
Jan 22, 1991 CE
Gulf War
Gulf War: An Iraqi Scud missile landed in Ramat Gan, killing three and injuring nearly a hundred. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
USAF aircraft of the 4th Fighter Wing (F-16, F-15C and F-15E) fly over Kuwaiti oil fires, set by the retreating Iraqi army during Operation Desert Storm in 1991. Almost the same as Image:USAF F-16A F-15C F-15E Desert Storm pic.jpg save for the size and tint By US Air Force - Source, Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=2782935
Dec 17, 1992 CE
Palestinians
Israel deported some four hundred Palestinians to Lebanon. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
The flag of State of Palestine By Orionist, previous versions by Makaristos, Mysid, etc. - Own work using: Law No. 5 for the year 2006 amending some provisions of Law No. 22 for the year 2005 on the Sanctity of the Palestinian Flag, Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=433206
Sep 13, 1993 CE
Palestine Liberation Organization
Israel and the PLO signed the Oslo I Accord in Washington, D.C. The accords provided for the withdrawal of some IDF forces from the West Bank and Gaza Strip and for the establishment of a self-governing authority for the Palestinians, the Palestinian National Authority. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
Emblem of the PLO Vector Graphic based on description. By PLO - Own work, Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=148347211
Oct 26, 1994 CE
Jordan
Israel and Jordan signed the Israel–Jordan peace treaty in the Arabah. The treaty clarified the borders of the two countries and their water rights; each pledged that neither would allow a third country to use its territory to stage an attack on the other. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
Flag of Jordan By Unknown - CONSTRUCTION SHEET, Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=343622
Nov 4, 1995 CE
Assassination of Yitzhak Rabin
Assassination of Yitzhak Rabin: The radical nationalist Yigal Amir, an opponent of the Oslo Accords, shot and killed prime minister Yitzhak Rabin after a rally in Tel Aviv. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
Thousands of the Oslo Peace agreement supporters, gathered in the Tel Aviv Municipality plaza, to encourage Rabin's government toward a two-state solution with the Palestians. Rabin was killed on his way home leaving the Tel Aviv municipality building. 04/11/95. Photo shows: PM Rabin Itzhak addressing the thousands of supporters. By Israel Press and Photo Agency (I.P.P.A.) photographer - This image is available from National Library of Israel under the digital ID: 990040385340205171 (004038534), CC BY 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=111391444
Feb 4, 1997 CE
1997 Israeli helicopter disaster
1997 Israeli helicopter disaster: Two transport helicopters en route to southern Lebanon collided in midair above She'ar Yashuv, killing all on board. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
Remains of one of two crashed CH-53 helicopters at She'ar Yashuv, northern Israel, see 1997 Israeli helicopter disaster By בן פרג' / Bamahane - This file contains IDF content and released by the Israeli Defence Forces Spokesperson's Unit.To view all images uploaded courtesy of IDF Spokesperson's Unit This tag does not indicate the copyright status of the attached work. A normal copyright tag is still required. See Commons:Licensing., CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=89070655
May 24, 2000 CE
southern Lebanon
Israel withdrew the last of its forces from southern Lebanon. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (1900-2000):
By ChrisO, adapted from http://www.un.org/Depts/Cartographic/map/profile/unifil.pdf By Original uploader was ChrisO at en.wikipedia - Transferred from en.wikipedia, Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=5688645
Oct 17, 2001 CE
Assassination of Rehavam Ze'evi
Assassination of Rehavam Ze'evi: Tourism minister Rehavam Ze'evi was shot at a Jerusalem hotel by Hamdi Quran of the Palestinian nationalist Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine. He died of his injuries that night in hospital. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (2000-present):
Rechavam Ze'evi, Knesset member (1988-11-21 - 2001-10-17) By Knesset photographer - This file was donated to Wikimedia Commons by the Knesset Archives. link to the source:Rehavam Ze'eviTo view all images uploaded courtesy of Knesset Archive This tag does not indicate the copyright status of the attached work. A normal copyright tag is still required. See Commons:Licensing., CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=156032509
Jun 23, 2002 CE
Israeli West Bank barrier
Construction of the Israeli West Bank barrier began. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (2000-present):
Israeli watchtowers and wall at the checkpoint of the Palestinian refugee camp of Qalandia, in the occupied West Bank, 2014. By L-BBE - https://web.archive.org/web/20161029100804/http://www.panoramio.com/photo/104280825, CC BY 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=57307620
Jan 29, 2004 CE
southern Lebanon
Some four hundred prisoners, the remains of sixty Lebanese militants and civilians, and maps showing the locations of Israeli mines in southern Lebanon, were transferred to Hezbollah in exchange for the bodies of the three soldiers abducted in 2000, as well as the abducted Israeli reservist Elhanan Tannenbaum. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (2000-present):
By ChrisO, adapted from http://www.un.org/Depts/Cartographic/map/profile/unifil.pdf By Original uploader was ChrisO at en.wikipedia - Transferred from en.wikipedia, Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=5688645
Sep 12, 2005 CE
Israeli disengagement from Gaza
Israeli disengagement from Gaza: The last Israeli settlers and security personnel were withdrawn from the Gaza Strip. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (2000-present):
Israeli disengagement from Gaza By Unknown author, Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=2464685
Jan 4, 2006 CE
Ariel Sharon
Prime minister Ariel Sharon suffered a severe hemorrhagic stroke and fell into a coma. The designated acting prime minister Ehud Olmert became acting prime minister. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (2000-present):
Official portrait of Israel's 11th Prime Minister, Ariel Sharon. By Avi Ohayon - Government Press Office of Israel, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=146708749
Sep 6, 2007 CE
Operation Orchard
Operation Orchard: Israel carried out a surprise air strike on a suspected nuclear reactor in Syria's Deir ez-Zor Governorate. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (2000-present):
Before and after picture of building struck during Operation Orchard in Syria... ((one of the photos should be rotated 180 degrees)) By US government - Found at CNN but released by US government., Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=3939348
Dec 27, 2008 CE
Gaza War
Gaza War: Israel began conducting a series of airstrikes on assets of the Palestinian Sunni Islamist organization Hamas in the Gaza Strip in response to ongoing rocket fire on the western Negev. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (2000-present):
Israeli invasion of Gaza 2009 By The Great Mule of Eupatoria - Own work, CC0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=141811736
Jan 18, 2009 CE
Gaza War (2008–09): The war ended
Gaza War (2008–09): The war ended with a unilateral Israeli ceasefire. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (2000-present):
May 31, 2010 CE
2010 Gaza flotilla raid
Gaza flotilla raid: The navy boarded a flotilla organized by the Free Gaza Movement and the Turkish Foundation for Human Rights and Freedoms and Humanitarian Relief, which was attempting to break an Israeli and Egyptian blockade of the Gaza Strip, in international waters. During the takeover, a violent confrontation erupted on board the MV Mavi Marmara in which nine activists were killed. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (2000-present):
Freedom Flotilla incident. 31 may 2010. Cartographic base from Open Street Maps (heavily modified) Flotilla route points from Freegaza.org (under CC by-sa) By Flotillagazamapa.svg: Montgomery derivative work: ChrisO (talk) - Flotillagazamapa.svg, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=10655168
Jul 14, 2011 CE
2011 Israeli social justice protests
2011 Israeli social justice protests: Filmmaker Daphni Leef set up a tent in Habima Square and invited others to join a protest over the absence of affordable housing. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (2000-present):
Israeli housing protests in Tel Aviv August 6, 2011 By `avivi - https://www.flickr.com/photos/avivi/6019427237, CC BY-SA 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=16070670
Nov 14, 2012 CE
Operation Pillar of Defense
Operation Pillar of Defense: The IDF began an eight-day anti-Hamas operation in the Gaza Strip, a response to ongoing rocket fire on the western Negev, with an airstrike on the senior officer Ahmed Jabari. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (2000-present):
Iron Dome during "Operation Pillar of Cloud" By Emanuel Yellin, עמנואל ילין - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=22743307
Jul 8, 2014 CE
2014 Israel–Gaza conflict
2014 Israel–Gaza conflict: The IDF launched a series of airstrikes against Hamas targets in the Gaza Strip. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (2000-present):
Description from B'Tselem source: "Gaza Strip, July 2014: A constant state of emergency According to B’Tselem’s initial inquiries, by yesterday evening (14 July 2014) at least 172 Palestinians had been killed in Israel’s airstrikes on the Gaza Strip. This number includes 34 minors (eight younger than 6 years old), 20 women (under 60) and 10 senior citizens. Our field researchers in Gaza have been working ceaselessly, night and day, to document events. Our field researchers in the West Bank have been lending a hand by collecting testimonies over the phone. Our office staff has been processing and verifying information, and trying to convey the incomprehensible scope of the infringement on human rights. The following seven photos were taken by our field workers in Gaza. They include images from the Kaware’ family home, where eight people, including six minors, were killed, and from the Hamad family home where six members of that family, including one girl – a minor – were killed." Photo caption from source: "The home of the Kware' family, after it was bombed by the military, while family members and neighbors were present inside the house and in its vicinity." By Muhammad Sabah, B'Tselem's field researcher in the northern Gaza Strip - http://www.btselem.org/photoblog/201407_gaza_strip, CC BY 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=34132188
Dec 6, 2017 CE
United States recognition of Jerusalem as the capi
United States recognition of Jerusalem as the capital of Israel: U.S. President Donald Trump formally announces the United States recognition of Jerusalem as the capital of Israel. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (2000-present):
President Trump Gives a Statement on Jerusalem and the US embassy in Tel Aviv and Israel, 6 December 2017. By The White House - www.whitehouse.gov (www.youtube.com), Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=64717080
Mar 25, 2019 CE
United States recognition of Israel's sovereignty
United States recognition of Israel's sovereignty over the Golan Heights: U.S. President Donald Trump signed a presidential proclamation to officially recognize Israel's sovereignty over the Golan Heights. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (2000-present):
President Donald J. Trump, joined by Vice President Mike Pence and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, signs a proclamation formally recognizing Israel’s sovereignty over the Golan Heights Monday, March 25, 2019, in the Diplomatic Reception Room of the White House. (Official White House Photo by Shealah Craighead) By Shealah Craighead - https://www.flickr.com/photos/whitehouse/47413884972/in/photostream/, Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=77579793
Dec 10, 2020 CE
Israel–Morocco normalization agreement
Israel–Morocco normalization agreement: Following the Abraham Accords, Israel and Morocco signed a security cooperation agreement and began normalizing relations. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (2000-present):
Senior Advisor to the U.S. President Jared Kushner and Israel's National Security Advisor Meir Ben Shabbat led a joint U.S.-Israeli delegation to Rabat on December 22, 2020. In the Moroccan capital, the delegation met with King Mohammed VI and other officials, and also signed various MOUs. Photo credit: David Azagury, U.S. Embassy Jerusalem By U.S. Embassy Jerusalem - DAZ_4335P, CC BY 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=97968599
Apr 30, 2021 CE
2021 Meron stampede
2021 Meron stampede: The deadliest civil disaster in Israel's history. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (2000-present):
Police preparations to Simeon bar Yochai celebration in Meron. By Israel Police - This is available from the Israel Police in the Facebook account (Israel Police).This tag does not indicate the copyright status of the attached work. A normal copyright tag is still required. See Commons:Licensing for more information., CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=104669287
May 11, 2022 CE
Al Jazeera Media Network
Al Jazeera journalist Shireen Abu Akleh was shot and killed while covering an Israeli military raid in Jenin. Her death led to international condemnation and calls for an investigation into the circumstances of the shooting. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (2000-present):
Shireen Abu Akleh By Al Jazeera Media Network, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=177741484
Jan 7, 2023 CE
2023 Israeli judicial reform protests
2023 Israeli judicial reform protests: Large-scale protests erupted across Israel in response to proposed judicial reforms by the Netanyahu government, which critics argued would undermine judicial independence. Source — Wikipedia, "Timeline of Israeli history" (2000-present):
Demonstrating against Bibi's and Yariv Levin's plans to suppress the Supreme Court. By Oren Rozen - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=130048036
![The scripture in the seal is: "באין תחבולות יפול עם ותשועה ברוב יועץ" The Hebrew scripture is from the Bible, Proverbs (MiShLe) chapter 11 verse 14:[1] in niqqud "בְּאֵין תַּחְבֻּלוֹת, יִפָּל-עָם; וּתְשׁוּעָה, בְּרֹב יוֹעֵץ" or in unpointed Hebrew "באין תחבלות, יפל-עם; ותשועה, ברב יועץ" English translation "Where no counsel is, the people fall, but in the multitude of counselors there is safety."](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Mossad_seal.svg/500px-Mossad_seal.svg.png)
